Nanotechnology is one of the modern technologies in the world and determining the priorities of the nanotechnology applications is very important for Iran (as a developing country). Research and executive projects’ cost in high technologies is considerable. Also, there are many applications of nanotechnology in all of industries. Upstream oil industries are very strategic in Iran and determining the priorities of nanotechnology in these industries is very important for Iran government to fund and utilize on nanotechnology. In this paper, the literature about prioritizing methods was reviewed and AHP was selected for recognizing the priorities of applications. Also, priority criteria were taken from similar case studies in Iran and other countries. Iranian experts of upstream oil industries evaluated these criteria and modified them by considering the Iran’s conditions. Then criteria and applications were weighed by experts. Finally the priorities of nanotechnology in upstream oil industries were found by using ‘Expert Choice’ software.

The main objective of this study is to identify and rank foreign investment risk factors and determine their impact on attracting foreign investment in the upstream oil industries. In terms of nature and method, it is descriptive and, in terms of relationships, it is inferential and correlational. The statistical population of the research includes managers and experts in the upstream oil industries, and the sample size was estimated to be 103 people using random sampling. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS, Expert Choice, and Smart PLS software. The results showed that according to the experts in the statistical population, economic risk is the most important factor in foreign investment. Also, in the structural equation modeling method, the correlation between foreign investment risk and attraction factors was significant, with political risk having the greatest impact on foreign investment risk, followed by economic and financial risks and 87.4% of the changes in foreign investment attraction factors could be predicted by foreign investment risk, and the overall fit of the proposed model showed a GOF value of 0.447, indicating a high fit of the research model.

At the level of preservation of oil wells in upstream oil industries, complicated experimentations, called PVT, are done for the recognition of reservoir fluid properties. Problems such as probable dangers, time consuming, and the inaccuracy of samples and limitations in temperature and pressure have led to tend to increase the use of intelligent methods in this field. In this study, in order to avoid the mentioned problems and find the complex and nonlinear relationships between data and PVT experiments, artificial neural network has been used. Because the suitable choice of the initial weights increases the neural network efficiency, genetic algorithm is used in order to adjust the initial weights. For evaluating the proposed approach, Iran oil reservoir fluid properties are implemented. The results of research showed that the use of genetic algorithm-based artificial neural network, in contrast to the classical methods, predicts the reservoir fluid properties in a shorter time and with high accuracy. Therefore, the proposed neural network can be seen as a powerful approach toward the prediction of Iran oilfield oil PVT properties.

The history of petroleum industry shows that host countries after the virulent experiences in old concession system and international revolutions in the middle of the twentieth century, were appealed to new investment petroleum system. The new investment system has been known as the framework of production sharing contracts. It is believed that the first reason for the appeal to the contractual pattern is that these contracts respect the countries’ sovereignty principle about natural sources. The second reason is that fiscal components in these contracts are flexible and attractive. However, Iran, despite it’s been quite a long time since the Islamic revolution, is dubious about using the production sharing contracts. It is stated that the reasons for this are that first of all Iran’s sovereignty on natural sources will be ignored; and secondly the legal obligations prohibit that. This article legally analyzed sovereignty and main fiscal elements of contracts and explained the optimal feature of these contracts. Then, we explained the applicability of the contracts in Iran’s fields through researching the status of Iran’s petroleum regulations, and finally presented the essential proposal.

The aim of this paper is modeling the effectiveness and interaction effect of shocks on the supply of upstream, intermediate and downstream Oil and Gas Industries in the Iranian Economy, so 10% supply shocks were modeled based on partial hypothetical extraction. That way, the 6 sectors of oil and gas were measured. The main results of this study showed that the largest reduction of value-added (26%) was due to supply shock in petrochemicals. Also, the largest reduction of Iran's oil and gas industry has been observed due to the 10% supply shock in the sectors of "Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas", "Manufacture of gas; distribution of gaseous fuels through mains" and "Transport via pipeline". Respectively, down by 9. 56 percent, 6. 84 percent, and 5. 79 percent.

Based on the governance approach, the effective administration of affairs in various fields requires the constructive participation of other stakeholders and the development and promotion of their institutional capacity in the successful administration of affairs, the accurate implementation of measures, and the resolution of problems in achieving the goals. The article aims to provide a framework for improving the institutional capacity of the private sector in the development of Iran's upstream oil and gas industries, emphasizing the governance approach. Article in terms of practical purpose and from the point of view of the method; It is qualitative in its approach to documentary scanning. The statistical population was all the upstream documents related to the oil and gas industries, which were selected using a targeted method. The resulting data have been analyzed using the theme analysis method and theme network approach. The results of the findings have shown that the improvement of the institutional capacity framework of the private sector depends on the interaction of various factors at three levels: A) Individuals, including: 1) investors; 2) executive bodies; 3) senior managers in policy-making authorities; 4) mutual obligations of the parties; 5) partnership working groups; B) Organization, including: 1) technical infrastructure; 2) political-legal requirements in policy-making; 3) strong contractual mechanisms; 4) financial mechanisms; 5) approval of relevant authorities; 6) facilitation mechanisms; C) contextual, including: 1) the areas of partnership; 2) functions of the partnership; 3) modes of partnership; 4) preservation of values; and 5) areas of utilizing the capabilities of the private sector.

Geoenergy has a significant effect in optimizing the analysis of mechanical phenomena during drilling, exploration, production and even release of an oil field. Identifying the technological capabilities of geomechanics in Iran's oil and gas industry is effective in improving the exploration and production process. Therefore, the current research has extracted, categorized and interpreted the basic, organizing and inclusive themes using a multi-method qualitative approach (theme analysis and gray Delphi). Therefore, first, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 industrial and academic managers and experts, and using the theme analysis approach based on the inductive strategy, technological capabilities in the field of oil and gas geomechanics were identified and categorized into 7 organizing themes and 34 basic themes. . The themes of the organizer include investment capability with 4 basic themes, linking/networking capability with 5 basic themes, learning capability with 6 basic themes, human resources capability with 4 basic themes, management and strategic capability with 7 basic themes, technical and executive capability with 4 themes Basic, complementary capability is formed by 4 basic themes. Then, by doing gray Delphi, these themes were classified into five classes in order of importance. Credibility in senior managers, the existence of a strategic plan and access to sufficient credit resources were of the highest importance.

This paper aims to examine the possibility of achieving goals outlined in the Vision Document for Petrochemical sector. In doing so, the price of methanol, etalon, polietilen and PVC in the world market is reviewed. The findings show that most of upstream petrochemical products in the world market will face with surplus production as well as overcapacity in materials such as etalon, polietilen and PVC, which may result in decline in price of petrochemical products, and as a result, revenues in petrochemical industry may decrease. On the other hand, the existence of rival producers such as Saudi Arabia may prevent Iran from achieving the first position in regional level in terms of value and volume of products. Thus, it is not appropriate and reasonable to determine the goal in petrochemical industry by focusing on high-volume and low-added-value upstream petrochemical products. So the only way to achieve goals outlined in the Vision Document is to develop downstream petrochemical industries.

Background: Polymorphisms of the upstream transcription factor 1 (USF1) have been associated with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), type 2 diabetes and coronary heart diseases (CHD). In the current investigation, the association of USF1s2 variant of human USF1 gene with premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) was evaluated in a population from southern Iran. USF1s2 has the best potential as a functional variant.in the USF1 gene.Methods: In a case-control study USF1s2 variant of human USF1 gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique using BsiHKA I restriction enzyme for 186 women under 55 years of age and 135 men less than 50 years of age who underwent diagnostic coronary angiography in Saadi, Nemazee and Kowsar Hospitals of Shiraz, between July 2009 and March 2012. Data on the history of familial myocardial infarction or other heart diseases, hypertension, and smoking habit were collected by a simple questionnaire. Blood sugar level and serum lipid profile of all participants were also obtained by measuring the levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL).Results: Frequencies of the major (G) and minor (A) alleles of usf1s2 gene variant were 0.74 and 0.26 in the whole population, respectively. Meanwhile, the prevalence of the minor allele was significantly higher in PCAD patients compared with control subjects. This difference remained significant even after adjustment for confounding parameters. Indeed, subjects with mutant homozygous genotype (AA) were about 5 times more likely to suffer from early-onset CAD than those with wild-type homozygous genotype (GG). Moreover, the baseline characteristics of the control subjects and patients were statistically similar for almost all parameters except for the number of male individuals; there was no significant difference among various genotypes in the patient group for any of these investigated variables.Conclusion: It appears that the usf1s2 variant in upstream transcription factor 1 gene is an independent predictor of premature coronary artery disease in our population and applies its effects without affecting blood sugar and lipid levels.

in order to improve and update iranian upstream contracts in oil and gas industry, the ministry of petroleum propose a submission to renew the old version of oil contracts that are so-called buy-back. After 4 years that the bill enacted, council of ministers enacted the new model for upstream contracts and revised it number if times with this title: "Iranian Petroleum Contracts" breifly cited as "IPC". This article focuses on these revisions that reveal the nature and purpose if new ,odel contracts in oil and gas industry. It concluded the production sharing (PSA) agreements has not been banned, despite of historical and political belief. this conclusion is in full comliance with upstream laws and regulations and does not have any conflict with constitutional rules of Islamic Repiblic of Iran. Ther are some diversion in legal approach toward upstream contracts in oil and gas industry that illustrated detailed in this research.